組合件
您可以在 Onshape 組合件分頁中定義組合件內零件與次組合件實例的階層結構關係,並於其中定義自由度與條件關係。在一個文件中可以有多個組合件分頁。一個組合件可以將另一個組合件以次組合件的方式建為實例,和/或直接建立零件的實例。您可以建立來自相同文件或其他文件中零件的實例 (您必須有許可權限且文件是有版本設定的)。
To create additional Assemblies, use the plus sign menu at the bottom of the window (shown below, under the blue arrow) and select Create Assembly.
Onshape documents may contain as many tabs as you need. Use to create more. Right-click on the tab for more operations, such as accessing the Properties or renaming the tab.
讓我們看一下如何在 Onshape 中將結合加入到組合件上。切換到這個空白的 Assembly 分頁,然後插入來自 Part Studio 中的所有項目。所有的零件都可完全自由移動,並有全部的自由度。一開始請先固定一個零件來完全移除其自由度,使得其他零件可相對於其結合。要完成此操作,請在圖形區域或特徵清單中的一個零件上按右鍵,然後選擇 [固定]。任何被固定的零件在特徵清單中會有這個圖示。
Onshape 會根據您要達成結果的預期行為定義結合,這些結合像是緊固、轉動、滑動、平面、圓柱、銷槽、球體與平行。若要讓個零件沿著基材滑動,請選擇「滑動結合」。Onshape 會提示您選擇一個結合連接器。這是加入結合的重心。捲動滑鼠指標至任何面上,就會出現一個小的點。這些是您要在面上建立結合連接器的位置。當移動至其中的任何一個點時,會顯示一個小的三向器。除了做為在面與邊線上的位置之外,結合連接器同時是有自身 x、y 與 z 軸的座標系統。軸的方位是相當重要的,特別是針對某些結合類型。若要沿著三向器的藍色 z 軸滑動這個零件,將藍色軸定位垂直於零件邊線,然後按一下來將其抓取就定位。
對於第二個結合連接器,請移動至另一個零件的面上,同樣的原則適用。請注意三向器的方位,當點按時,零件會抓取就位。注意到有可以反轉主軸與副軸的圖示,可在您需要做出調整與獲得正確結果時使用。藉由使用結合連接器來加入單一的結合,您可以只要用幾個步驟就移除好幾個自由度。
「滑動結合」現在會列在特徵清單中。連按兩下來開啟結合並做出調整。例如,使用下拉清單來將這個結合變更為任何其他的結合類型,或重新定義任何的結合連接器。
若要將轉桿與轉柄的內部扣在一起,按一下「緊固結合」。這個結合類型會移除任何兩個結合連接器之間的任何自由度,使其連結在一起。在轉柄內側的面上與轉桿的面上分別選擇一個點來做為結合連接器。旋轉其中一個零件會同時旋轉兩者。
接下來將螺桿與滑動鉗口結合在一起。使用「轉動」或「圓柱結合」。「轉動結合」相較於「圓柱結合」會移除額外的自由度。按一下「圓柱結合」。移動游標至鉗口的圓柱面上,會出現三個預設的結合連接器位置以及軸。選擇圓柱後方的點,然後為轉柄重複同樣的步驟。當零件抓取就位時,您可能會注意到先前加入的結合並未解出。在這些狀況中,按一下 [解出] 按鈕。最後按一下核取記號來關閉結合對話方塊。
這個時候,轉桿可自由地繞著結合連接器旋轉,同時也可自由地沿著軸移動。這是「圓柱結合」作用的方式。在「圓柱結合」上連按兩下來開啟其對話方塊,並將其變更為「轉動」。現在,移動轉桿會旋轉轉桿而不會將其從鉗口的結合點移出。
請注意,您可以使用結合連接器工具預先精準定義結合點的位置與方位,而無須建立結合。您甚至可以在 Part Studio 中將結合連接器加入至零件上,以在將這些零件插入至組合件時使用結合連接器。
當組合件分頁啟用時,組合件工具列也是啟用的。
顯示在工具列中的各種結合類型 (緊固結合、滑動結合結合等) 都統稱為「結合」。
可以在組合件中使用 S 鍵來存取組合件捷徑列:
Customize the toolbar through your Onshape account Preferences page.
您可以在 Part Studio、組合件與 Feature Studio 中自訂 Onshape 工具列 - 下方顯示的是在 Part Studio 中:
- Hover anywhere in the toolbar and right-click, then select Customize toolbar...
This activates the ability to edit the toolbar:
- 工具在工具列中會以工具組的形式強調顯示;您可以將這些工具組拖曳置放到工具列中的新位置上:
- 將一個工具圖示拖曳到「新工具組」方塊中來建立一個新的工具組,「新工具組」方塊會在您開始拖曳圖示時出現:
- 將個別的工具從工具列中拖出然後放置在「工具」方塊中,這樣可以將工具從工具列中移除 (您永遠可以將工具拖曳置放回工具列中)。下方顯示拖曳操作的過程:
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拖曳完成之後:
- 按一下 [儲存] 來儲存您的變更,或按一下 [取消] 來關閉而不儲存。也可以按一下 [重設為預設] 來復原該類型工具列 (Part Studio、組合件或 Feature Studio) 的所有變更,將工具列還原回 Onshape 原始的順序與內容。
當工具是群組中的一部分時,您必須移動整個群組。一旦移動整個群組後,您可以根據需要將個別的工具移回工具列中。若要改變整個群組,請選擇 [重設為預設],這樣會重設整個工具列。
搜尋工具
快速鍵:alt/opt+c
In Onshape, you can search for tools in the Assembly toolbar as well as the Feature toolbar and Sketch toolbar: see Document Toolbar and Document Menu, Feature tools and Sketch tools for more information on those specific topics.
- 插入零件與組合件。
- Create Mate Connector.
- Create Mates.
- Create Relations if desired.
為組合件提供的工具與功能包括:
- Insert Parts and Assemblies dialog - For selecting parts and subassemblies to include in an assembly
- Triad Manipulator - For moving parts and assemblies around the graphics areas and for movement between parts
- Mates - For defining movement between parts
- Mate Connector - For defining where parts connect to each other
- Snap Mode - Drag and drop parts to create Mate connectors and Mates on the fly.
- Group - For defining spatial relationships between parts
- Assembly Feature Lists - A list of part instances and mate features in an Assembly
- 組合件中的環境選單 - 從動作清單中選擇
- Assembly Measure tool - Acquire measurement information about part edges and faces
在 Assembly 分頁上按右鍵來存取 Assembly 分頁環境選單:
- Delete - the tab, even if it is active. The last remaining tab cannot be deleted.
- Open in new browser tab - Open this Assembly in a new browser tab.
- Rename... - Rename this Assembly.
- Properties... - Access the dialog to provide information about the Assembly. In the Properties dialog, you can provide meta data for the entire Assembly. Properties that are grayed out (inactive) are defined and populated through the Company’s properties in Account management. See Manage Companies > Properties for more information.
- Duplicate - Copy this Assembly tab and insert the copy into this same document. All references to the original Assembly or other Assemblies are maintained.
- Copy to clipboard - Make a copy of this Assembly tab on the clipboard. You can then use the menu in another document and the Paste tab command to add the Assembly tab into that document. When an Assembly tab is copy/pasted into another document, the Part Studio and Assemblies from which it was created are also pasted into the other document. No references to the original document are maintained.
- Create Drawing of x... - Automatically create a drawing of the entire Assembly (solid bodies/parts only). This creates a new Drawings tab in the document.
- Select as document thumbnail - Use this assembly image as the thumbnail for the document on the Documents page.
- Move to document... - Move the Assembly to a new document, creating the document during this operation. If any part or assembly is used in any tab of the original document, a link between the two documents is created. Note that, only the Assembly tab will move to the new document . This action is prevented if it would result in a document with no tabs.
- Export - Export parts in the Assembly in a variety of formats with options of where to download or keep in a separate Onshape tab.
- Release - For user who have the ability to create release packages, this command opens the Release candidate dialog.
- Release all configurations - For users who have the ability to create release packages, this command opens the Release candidate dialog with all configurations pre-loaded into the release package (up to 100 configurations are supported). This option is only available for configurations with a single List input. The command option is not available if there are multiple List inputs, or if Checkbox or Configuration variable inputs are used. You can always add configurations into the release package once the dialog is open (after clicking the Release command from the context menu).
- Create task - Create a task that can be assigned to another user (or the current user), that can reference the Assembly, and have a due date. Users specified in a task are notified of the task. You can create tasks from any Onshape Part Studio, Assembly, and Drawing tab, and from the Tab manager, through the context menu on a tab in the Tab manager list.
存取組合件清單中個別實例與次組合件的環境選單來將其重新安排到新的次組合件中,和/或將其移動到新的次組合件中。當複製與移動次組合件時,會保留所有的結合。
如果動作 (移動或複製) 會導致對所連結 (外部) 文件的修改,動作會失敗。連結的 (外部) 文件是不可變的版本且無法被修改。
To replace a part instance in the assembly with a different part instance not yet in the assembly, use the Replace instances option.
若要簡單地展開或摺疊組合件實例清單中的所選次組合件,在次組合件上按右鍵,然後使用展開所選項目或摺疊所選項目選項。
若要簡單地展開或摺疊組合件實例清單中的所有次組合件,在組合件上按右鍵,然後使用全部展開或全部摺疊選項。只有在沒有於實例清單中選擇任何次組合件時,這些選項才會出現。
- 在要移動的一或多個零件上按右鍵,然後選擇 [移動到新的次組合件中]。
- A new Assembly appears in the list and a new Assembly tab appears in the document. The part or parts are placed within the new Assembly in the list, and the Assembly is automatically named Assembly X <x> where X is the next consecutive Assembly number in the document and <x> is the instance of that assembly in the current Assembly tab.
會建立一個新的組合件分頁。如果需要,可使用分頁上的環境選單來重新命名組合件。
同時建立了一個新的結合特徵項目,是直接放在清單中的新組合件之內。如果一或多個零件沒有任何結合,則此新的結合特徵是空的。
- 在組合件清單上按右鍵,然後選擇 [建立新次組合件]。
- A new Assembly appears in the list, without any parts or mate features. The new assembly is automatically named Assembly X <x> where X is the next consecutive Assembly number in the document and <x> is the instance of that assembly in the current Assembly tab.
會建立一個新的 (空的) 組合件分頁。如果需要,可使用分頁上的環境選單來重新命名組合件。
您也可以拖曳與置放圖元來重新組態次組合件 (放入或移出另一個次組合件中),並重新排列清單中圖元的順序。
Dissolving a subassembly (or multiple subassemblies at once) moves all subassembly instances and their mate connections from the subassembly into the parent assembly. The subassembly tab is not deleted, but is now empty. This is useful to quickly reorganize the assembly structure from the top level down.
You cannot dissolve a subassembly if it contains folders.
Document versions that reference the subassembly being dissolved remain immutable. However, the subassembly tab is empty in the referenced document's workspace.
If a subassembly was inadvertently removed, you can restore it from a previous point in history. See Merging.
To dissolve a subassembly, you must be on its parent Assembly tab. Right-click on the subassembly and select Dissolve subassembly (shown in the first image below). In the example below, the Subassembly <1> is merged back into Assembly 1 (shown in the second image below).
Locks the current subassembly to the current position in a top-level assembly or follows the subassembly to a named position (if one exists). When enabled, mate positions for the subassembly are frozen, thereby improving performance of the top level assembly by reducing the subassembly's mate solve and regeneration times.
Locking or following a subassembly's named positon is primarily used to:
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Improve assembly performance
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Avoid accidental movement of a subassembly that has motion in the top level assembly
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Trial different subassembly named positions in the context of a top level assembly
To lock or follow a subassembly's position:
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From the Assembly tab, right-click on the subassembly instance in the Assembly instance list and select Lock/follow position to:
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In the sub-menu, select from one of the following 2 options:
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Lock current position - Locks the subassembly to the current position in the top level assembly. Mate positions are frozen to their current position in the top level assembly.
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Named position (if one or more named position exists) - The subassembly follows the position as it is defined in the subassembly tab's named position. After this option is enabled, if any mate positions are moved in the subassembly's named position, this movement is followed up and reflected in the top level assembly. This forces the subassembly to regenerate, and then the subassembly is locked into the new position in the top level assembly.
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When the lock/follow option is enabled, the lock icon () is displayed to the right of the subassembly (shown below left), and the Lock/follow position to submenu option has a checkmark to the left of the current position or named position (shown below right):
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To unlock/unfollow the subassembly position, right-click on the lock icon. The icon changes to the unlock icon ().
Hovering over a subassembly in the instances list displays the unlock icon. Right-click this icon to quickly lock the subassembly to the current position. Once locked, the icon remains displayed even when the mouse is not hovering over the subassembly.
根據預設,新建立的文件會包含一個空白的 Part Studio 與 Assembly 。您可以在 Onshape 組合件分頁中定義組合件內零件與次組合件實例的階層結構關係,並於其中定義零件與次組合件如何移動。在一個文件中可以有多個組合件分頁。一個組合件可以將另一個組合件以次組合件的方式建為實例,和/或直接建立零件的實例。
要與合作人員溝通,請輕觸右上角評論的圖示。
On a smaller screen, access the Document information panel and then select Comments from there:
- 輕觸更多的圖示。
- Select Comments.
See Comments for more info.
要查看與您協同合作的人員並存取跟隨模式,請輕觸右上角合作人員的圖示。
See Collaboration and Follow mode for more info.
只有當您與某人進行即時合作時,合作人員的圖示才會出現。
- 輕觸一 (或多個) 要移動的零件,然後輕觸三點功能表 (零件名稱右邊) 來存取適境功能表。
- 選擇 [移動到新的次組合件中]。
- A new Assembly appears in the list and a new Assembly tab appears in the document. The part or parts are placed within the new Assembly in the list, and the Assembly is automatically named Assembly X <x> where X is the next consecutive Assembly number in the document and <x> is the instance of that assembly in the current Assembly tab.
會建立一個新的組合件分頁。如果需要,可使用分頁上的環境選單來重新命名組合件。
同時建立了一個新的結合特徵項目,是直接放在清單中的新組合件之內。如果零件沒有任何結合,則此新的結合特徵是空的。
- Tap in the Assembly list, then tap the three dot menu (to the right of the part name) to access the context menu.
- 選擇 [建立新次組合件]。
- A new Assembly appears in the list, without any parts or mate features. The new assembly is automatically named Assembly X <x> where X is the next consecutive Assembly number in the document and <x> is the instance of that assembly in the current Assembly tab.
會建立一個新的 (空的) 組合件分頁。如果需要,可使用分頁上的環境選單來重新命名組合件。
存取文件資訊面板可讓您使用無法容納在導覽列中的工具 (如上方所列),並可使用下方列出的其他工具。
若要存取文件資訊面板,請輕觸右上角的更多圖示。
文件資訊面板開啟,可從此處選擇下列的項目:
- Properties - to view document properties.
- Copy - to make a copy of the workspace you are in.
- Units - to view and set default measurement units for the document (such as length, angle, and mass units).
- Document name - tap the edit icon in the upper right corner to edit the document name.
- Document description - tap Add description to add or edit the document description.
- Share - tap the share icon to share the document with individuals, Teams, Companies, or Onshape support. You are also able to set your document to Private or Public.
當您開啟文件時,最近開啟的分頁會是啟用的。
輕觸朝上的>形箭號 (箭頭朝上) 來開啟建立分頁的功能表。
- 輕觸來啟用它。當您切換分頁時,會提交任何開啟中的特徵。
- 向左或向右滑動來在清單間水平捲動。
- 依據組合件或 Part Studio 來篩選分頁。
- 根據名稱來搜尋 Part Studio 或組合件。
- 建立、重新命名、複製、與刪除 Part Studio 或組合件。文件可已擁有的 Part Studios 或組合件分頁並無限制。
Duplicate adds a copy of a Part Studio within the document.
You are unable to delete a Part Studio or Assembly if it is the only tab in the document.
A document must have at least one Part Studio or Assembly (at least one tab).
根據預設,新建立的文件會包含一個空白的 Part Studio 與組合件分頁。您可以在 Onshape 組合件分頁中定義組合件內零件與次組合件實例的階層結構關係,並於其中定義零件與次組合件如何移動。在一個文件中可以有多個組合件分頁。一個組合件可以將另一個組合件以次組合件的方式建為實例,和/或直接建立零件的實例。
存取文件資訊面板可讓您使用無法容納在導覽列中的工具 (如上方所列),並可使用下方列出的其他工具。
若要存取文件資訊面板,請輕觸右上角的更多圖示。
文件資訊面板開啟,可從此處選擇下列的項目:
- Properties - to view document properties.
- Copy - to make a copy of the workspace you are in.
- Units - to view and set default measurement units for the document (such as length, angle, and mass units).
- Document name - tap the pencil icon in the upper right corner to edit the document name.
- Document description - tap the pencil icon to add or edit the document description.
- Share - tap the share icon to share the document with individuals, Teams, Companies, or Onshape support. You are also able to set your document to Private or Public.
輕觸測量工具來測量任何選取的圖元。
See Measure tool for more info.
輕觸質量屬性工具來檢視所選零件的屬性。
See Mass Properties for more info.
- 輕觸組合件清單控制點來開啟組合件清單。
- 輕觸並水平或垂直拖曳來調整組合件清單的大小。
輕觸 3D 旋轉鎖定的按鈕來鎖住旋轉圖形區域的功能。在您嘗試拖曳圖元的情況下,此功能是相當有用的。
當您開啟文件時,最近開啟的分頁會是啟用的。
輕觸朝上的>形箭號 (箭頭朝上) 來開啟建立分頁的功能表。
- 輕觸來啟用它。當您切換分頁時,會提交任何開啟中的特徵。
- 向左或向右滑動來在清單間水平捲動。
- 依據組合件或 Part Studio 來篩選分頁。
- 根據名稱來搜尋 Part Studio 或組合件。
- 建立、重新命名、複製、與刪除 Part Studio 或組合件。文件可已擁有的 Part Studios 或組合件分頁並無限制。
Duplicate adds a copy of a Part Studio within the document.
You are unable to delete a Part Studio or Assembly if it is the only tab in the document.
A document must have at least one Part Studio or Assembly (at least one tab).
For more Learning center resources about Assemblies, see: Self-Paced Courses > Assemblies (Onshape account required). You can also see the technical briefing article here: Defining High Performing Assemblies (Onshape account required).