分析工具

在 Part Studio 中使用不同的方法視覺檢視與分析草圖或零件上的曲率。透過快速鍵 (shift+c)、草圖、零件或曲面上的環境選單，或透過介面右下角的「顯示分析工具」功能表來存取「曲線/曲面分析」對話方塊。

當在草圖模式中或是在編輯草圖時，您可以使用快速鍵 Shift+c 來自動選取所有草圖曲線並開啟「曲線/曲面分析」對話方塊。Shift+c 如同切換鍵：當選取項目持續存在時可開啟與關閉對話方塊。

即使在退出草圖之後，曲線/曲面分析工具仍會保持為開啟，不過選取項目欄位並不是使用中。只要工具是開啟的，您可以加入更多選取項目或是移除項目。您下一次叫用工具時對選取項目的變更仍會存在。如果您在開啟工具之前已經做出預選，則開啟工具時會僅有該選取項目，系統會清除之前做出的其他選擇。

檢查曲線與曲面：

1. Click the Show analysis tools () in the bottom right corner of the interface, then select Curve/surface analysis to open the dialog box. (You can also RMB-click on a sketch or part and select Curve/surface analysis):

   

2. 選擇您想要檢驗的曲線或曲面。

3. Use the slider at the bottom of the dialog to adjust the magnitude of the combs, use the check boxes to choose whether or not to show curvature combs, inflection points, minimum radius, U curves, V curves, whether or not to have the combs extend across the face.

   

   在對話方塊中選取「顯示曲率梳」與「顯示最小半徑」時草圖曲線的範例。當有草圖拐點時，會以黑色的「領結」顯示。

   

   在對話方塊中僅選取「顯示曲率梳」時草圖曲線的圖片範例

   Curvature combs are evaluated at evenly spaced isolines, not necessarily at the control points, and are used for evaluating the resultant shape of a curve/surface up to Flow (G3) continuity.

4. 如果需要，點按與拖曳曲線來調整曲率。會在拖曳的過程中動態更新曲率梳。

5. 若要視覺顯示 U-曲線和/或 V-曲線，請同時選擇這兩個核取方塊或之一，例如：

   

6. Optional.  Increase or decrease the number of U or V curves from 2 to 64. The default is 8 for each.

7. 選擇控制點網格來顯示定義曲面 (或曲線) 的下方 bSpline 曲線上的控制點位置。控制點的數量與分布提供關於定義形狀的數學重要資訊。

   密集群聚的控制點表明了潛在的問題區域，對曲面品質可能會是有害的。簡而言之，控制點網格是用來了解曲面/曲線之下的數學定義的。

8. When finished, close the Curvature dialog; click .

滑桿朝向中間處的左邊情形是：

滑桿較靠近中間的情形是：

在建立特徵的過程中顯示曲率

您也可以顯示處理中特徵的曲率梳。例如，在擠出的過程中：

1. 在特徵對話方塊開啟的情況下，於圖形區域中按右鍵，然後選擇 [顯示曲率] 來開啟「顯示曲率」對話方塊：

   

2. 選擇特徵上的曲線：

   

3. You can show the curvature for the selected edge used to create the new feature (uncheck Show for previewed edges), or select Show for previewed edges to see the curvature combs for the edge of the new feature being created:

   

您也可以選取「顯示曲率」對話方塊中選項左側的核取方塊來顯示曲率梳、拐點與最小半徑，如下圖所示：

在「顯示曲率」對話方塊中選取「顯示預覽邊線」、「顯示曲率梳」、「顯示拐點」與「顯示最小半徑」時特徵的範例。

在 Part Studio 中顯示所選邊線的二面角度。

快速鍵：Shift+d

當在草圖模式中或是在編輯草圖時，您可以使用快速鍵 Shift+d 來自動開啟「二面角分析分析」對話方塊。Shift+d 如同切換鍵：當選取項目持續存在時可開啟與關閉對話方塊。

您下一次叫用工具時對選取項目的變更仍會存在。如果您在開啟工具之前已經做出預選，則開啟工具時會僅有該選取項目，系統會清除之前做出的其他選擇。

1. In a Part Studio, click the Show analysis tools () in the bottom right corner of the interface.

2. 從功能表中選擇 [二面角分析] 來開啟對話方塊：

   

3. 選擇一或多條邊線來顯示二面角度。

4. 選擇您偏好的測量單位。

   • 最大 - 當選取一或多條邊線時，系統會顯示最大的二面角度。

   • 最小 - 當選取一或多條邊線時，系統會顯示最小的二面角度。

5. 選擇性地選取「啟用閾值顯示」來啟用可自訂的高以及低的閾值欄位。

6. 選擇性地使用「比例」滑桿來調整二面角梳形的長度。

   

上方的圖片顯示在圖形區域中套用「二面角分析」工具於圖元邊線上的範例。

在 Part Studio 或組合件中偵測與檢視零件間的干涉。

1. 在 Part Studio 或組合件中有多個零件的情況下，按一下介面右下角的「顯示分析工具」功能表。
2. 從功能表中選擇 [干涉偵測] 來開啟對話方塊。
3. Select two or more parts among which to view any interfering mass.

   

   上圖中以紅色顯示干涉，並在對話方塊中「干涉偵測」的部分列出牽涉的零件。

   將滑鼠移動至對話方塊中的零件名稱上暫留以在圖形區域中查看交叉的強調顯示。當選取了對話方塊中「干涉」欄位的情況下，圖形區域會調整配合至選取的干涉。將滑鼠移動至對話方塊中「干涉」的欄位上暫留，會在圖形區域中出現一個界限方塊，圍繞在模型中的干涉周圍。滑鼠移動暫留時，對話方塊中同時會出現界限方塊的長度/寬度/高度：

   

   您可以使用方塊選擇來選取要干涉偵測的圖元：從左上拖曳至右下來包括僅完全被方塊所圍繞的零件或本體。從右下拖曳至左上來包括邊界方塊所接觸到的任何零件或本體。

斑馬條紋代表在 Part Studio 或組合件中目前模型、面或曲面的條紋空間反射。這可以讓您查看橫跨邊線的曲率是否是對正及連續的。

1. Click the Show analysis tools () in the bottom right corner of the interface.

2. 從功能表中選擇 [斑馬條紋] 來開啟對話方塊：

• Stripe count - Number of curvature stripes displayed on each surface

• Flip stripes - Reverses the stripes.

• Show edges - Displays the edges between part faces (default). When unchecked, the part edges are hidden. Hiding these edges improves the curve visualization between part faces in certain situations.

When the curvature is aligned across an edge, the edge is smooth and the stripes line up, and then veer off across the edge:

When the curvature is continuous across an edge, the edge is smooth and there is no change in curvature across the edge. Stripes line up and do not veer off across the edge:

範例：

無曲率視覺化	預設曲率：35 個條紋
10 個條紋	35 個條紋；已反轉

當您接受「斑馬條紋」對話方塊 (點按核取記號) 時，對話方塊會關閉但條紋仍會顯示。若要關閉斑馬條紋的顯示，請再次從「顯示分析工具」功能表中選擇 [斑馬條紋]，然後在對話方塊中按一下 X (從「曲率視覺化」功能表中選擇 [色彩對應] 也會關閉斑馬條紋)。

Curvature color map enables deeper investigation of curvature by applying a gradient of color of your choosing onto a face or surface in a Part Studio. You can adjust the scale of the color gradient and choose from different types of color maps to gain the best visual representation to discern surface continuity and transition between edges.

1. Click the Show analysis tools () in the bottom right corner of the interface. From the menu, select Curvature color map:

   這樣會將一個色彩對應套用到圖形區域中的面與曲面上，使用漸層色彩來以色階顯示曲率：

使用色彩對應視覺呈現曲率時可用的選項包括：

• 設定對應的色彩。按一下下拉功能表來選擇最適合您需求與視覺呈現喜好的色彩配置：

  • Viridis - A scale of deep purple to light green

  • Blue -> Red - A scale of blue to red

  • Plasma - A scale of deep blue to light yellow

  • Rainbow - A scale of colors of the rainbow

• 選擇對應的圖形。按一下下拉功能表來選擇一個特定的圖形：

  • Gaussian - Bases the color assignments on the product of the maximum and minimum radii at a given point. The curvature is displayed as the inverse of the radius.

  • Mean - Bases the color assignments on the mean of the maximum and minimum radii at a given point.

  • Max radius - Bases the color assignments on the maximum radius value at a given point.

  • Min radius - Bases the color assignments on the minimum radius value at a given point.

您可以將色彩對應重新放置在圖形區域中的任何位置以改善模型的檢視與對應。將游標移動至圖形上暫留直至交叉游標出現。點按並拖曳圖形至新的位置。對於某些位置，圖形會重新定向至垂直的位置。不論圖形位於何處，「色彩」與「曲率」下拉清單會維持在圖形區域的上方。

提示

在曲面或面沒有曲率的情況下，由於並無半徑的計算，因此 Onshape 不會將任何值指定給色彩對應色階。系統仍會顯示色彩對應，且您還是可以從對應與色彩中選擇。如果沒有計算任何值，則不會套用曲率色彩。模型會維持為在開啟任何曲率分析工具之前相同的色彩。

您可以點按並將色階的端點彼此拉近來變更色階。系統會重新計算色階上的點，並根據新的色階重新整理面與曲面上的色彩。您也可以點按值並在欄位中輸入以調整色階。請確定按一下的重新整理小圖示。

使用拔模分析來在 Part Studio 中找出模型內不滿足指定最小拔模量的面，找出底切的區域，並查看所選幾何的潛在分模線位置。

1. Click the Show analysis tools () in the bottom right corner of the graphics area. From the menu, select Draft analysis to open the dialog box and color legend. In the dialog box, indicate the Mold split direction by selecting a plane, face, or edge.

   

2. 指定最小的拔模角度。
3. 選擇要檢查的圖元。
4. 使用「顯示底切區域」核取方塊來選擇性地關閉紅色底切的指示。

請注意到介面上方的拔模分析色彩圖例。

• 藍色的面表示面滿足拔模所指定的最小角度。
• 黃色的面表示這些面過陡 (小於指定的最小拔模)。
• 紅色的面是底切面。

您可以在模型上移動游標來查看個別拔模的精確角度：

如同其他視覺化工具模式一樣，拔模分析會保持為啟用，直到您選擇了其他項目。在啟用時，您可以編輯零件來修正拔模，並查看立即的結果。您也可以使用剖面視圖來檢視模型內無法看到的地方。

拔模分析會自動在兩個方向上作用。Onshape 會以不同的顏色顯示可接受的拔模來指明方向：淡藍色是第一邊 (正向)，深藍色則是第二邊 (負向)。操控器箭頭會指向第一邊，您可以使用對話方塊中的方向箭頭來反轉箭頭，像是上圖中「模具分割方向」欄位旁的箭頭。

上方的圖片顯示點按方向箭頭反轉分析方向後的拔模角度：淺藍色表示是正方向，角度是以正角度顯示。對照再之前的圖片，深藍色表示是負方向，角度是以負角度顯示。

Use Thickness analysis to measure how much material is distributed throughout each region of a part.

Currently only native Onshape parts and mesh model types are supported.

Steps

In a Part Studio that contains at least one part:

1. Click the Show analysis tools () in the bottom right corner of the graphics area. From the menu, select Thickness analysis to open the dialog box:

   

2. Select a part (or parts) to analyze.

   Onshape instantly begins to compute the thickness analysis request. The progress spinner in the bottom left of the graphics area provides an update on the status of the analysis:

   • Preparing thickness analysis - Geometry is discretized and processed for analysis

   • Processing thickness analysis - High performance cloud instances are provisioned

   • Calculating thickness - Thickness analysis computation begins

   • Refining thickness analysis - Initial results are available and higher fidelity results continue to process

   • Postprocessing thickness analysis - Final results are processing and will soon be available

3. Click the green check mark to accept your selection and close the dialog box. The thickness analysis tool stays active. When the initial thickness analysis results are available, the color bar opens in the graphics area:

   

   Selected parts automatically render. The color bar maps field values to the colors displayed along the surface of your part (or parts).

4. To change the color scheme, select a palette from the Colors dropdown.

5. To change the color bar's range, select either the lower or upper bound value and type in a new number. Use the refresh button to reset the bound to the lowest/highest value within the measured field.

   Alternatively, click and drag the tick mark above either the lower or upper bound value and drag it to a new position along the legend. Reposition the color bar entirely by hovering your cursor until it becomes active, then click and drag the legend to a new position on your screen.

   Unless manually adjusted, the legend's bounds may automatically adjust to new limits while intermediate thickness analysis results are refined. Once manually adjusted, intermediate updates will not cause the upper or lower bounds to change. However, the far-most values along the color bar may update as new information becomes available.

   The legend shows unique colors for field values outside of the user-defined bounds. Check the Dim colors scale option to create a 3-color view and quickly assess regions outside of your target range.
   
   

6. Select the preferred field from the Method dropdown menu:

   • Rolling ball

   • Rolling ball gradient (%)

   • Ray

   • Ray gradient (%)

   You can continue to work in the Part Studio normally while using Thickness analysis. The thickness evaluation will automatically update as you make edits.

7. To edit the Thickness analysis, click the Show analysis tools () in the bottom right of the graphics area and select Edit thickness analysis from the menu.

8. To turn Thickness analysis off, click the Show analysis tools () and select Turn thickness analysis off.

Rolling ball thickness method

The rolling ball thickness method calculates the size of the largest sphere that can be inscribed within a part at each point along the part's surface.

The sphere is tangent to the point of inspection and at least one other point upon the part (though it may be tangent to more than one part) and is thus said to roll along the part's interior while simultaneously changing size. The thickness measured is reported as the diameter of the inscribed sphere.

Tips

• The rolling ball thickness method provides a thickness measurement defined by localized, non-trivial geometric relations at more than one point within the region of interest.

• The rolling ball thickness distribution is guaranteed to be continuous across all regions of any solid part.

Ray thickness method

The ray thickness method calculates the distance traveled along a straight line path through the interior of a part.

At each point along the part's surface, a ray is projected normal to that surface, terminating upon first intersection at another point along the part. The length of the line segment between those two points is the ray thickness.

Tips

• A line projected normal to one point along the surface of a part has no guarantee of any geometric relation to the surface at its second point.

• The ray thickness distribution is seldom continuous across the entire part. It will contain sharp discontinuities, most obviously near sharp corners.

Thickness gradient (ray method or rolling ball method)

The thickness gradient measures how quickly the thickness of a part changes as one moves along the part's surface. The value itself is the ratio (A/B) of the following terms:

1. The maximum amount that thickness could grow or shrink as one moves (nominally and instantaneously) in any direction from one point along the surface of the part, measured in units of length.

2. The nominally instantaneous geodesic distance traveled along said direction, measured in the same units of length.

The ratio is non-dimensional, non-negative, and presented as a percentage (%) out of convention.

Flatten surfaces generates a planar surface from one or more contiguous non-planar surfaces.

The tool performs a geometric flattening to create a surface with minimum strain energy.

The flattening operation ignores the material properties of the part on which the surface is flattened. The resultant surface has no material properties.

Some uses for Flatten surfaces:

• To evaluate the flat (cut) shape for a paint mask that is applied to a certain area of a part.

• To evaluate the feasibility of a decal applied to a curved region of a part without undue strain or wrinkling.

• To determine the cut shape of a composite ply given the outer mold line (OML) and the ply boundary.

• To add features (cutouts, text curves, text wraps) to the flat surface and have them form back to the curved surface shape.